Editor: HOU Jianxin(Professor of IEC, TJNU)

Authors: SHEN Jian (Profess of Department of History, ECNU)

               LIU Xuefei(Associate professor of IEC, TJNU)

Publisher: The Commercial Press (May 2025)

Introduction:

This volume aims to explore the evolution of main nations that have shaped European history from ancient times to the present. Covering ancient times, antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the modern era, the book traces the origins of today's diverse European ethnic groups, including ancient tribal societies and the early formation of nations. It examines the processes of differentiation and integration during the late Middle Ages, the emergence of modern nation-states, and the changes following the end of the Cold War. It involves a series of complex evolutions such as the natural environment, physical appearance, language, religion, and customs.Alongside economic and social development, it offers an alternative view of European history, focusing on the rise and fall, evolution, and interactions of nations.